I've had to review resumes of various lengths for various levels. What and why some get through HR and some don't is a mystery not solvable by engineers. There's too much illogic involved.
For entry-level jobs, I've seen a lot of "experience" sections that list about 30 different technical keywords from the industry. When asked, I get answers like, "Oh, we did that last year in the Junior lab." or something.
As people get more experience, they realize more about what they know and don't know, and so become more sparing in the keyword lists.
Whatever the level, there is some reasonable amount of strategy to crafting the resume to fit the specifics of the job, the company, the industry, etc. There is no point if the interview doesn't happen.
Once in, if you get past the HR screening, for me anyway show-and-tell outweighs the resume. A few items turns the conversation from being interrogated by them to allowing you to lead a fair amount of the conversation. They will see what they like, and ignore what doesn't apply.
For an engineering job, types of show-and-tell could be:
- A homebrew hardware project. Doesn't matter if it works or not. What problems did you have? What technologies were used?
- A homebrew software project. Maybe it worked with the hardware project.
- Schematics and other documentation from the homebrew project.
- Examples from a previous employer. This can be tricky if the interviewer is hung-up on if you got the example legitimately. If possible, a letter from the previous employer stating the acceptability of bringing in an old revision PCB or circuit board might help. Me? I don't care. Some might.
If you are given tests, realize that those interviewing you know the test inside and out. They've been through it in other interviews a few times and know the traps. Ask questions when it seems appropriate.
Know the basics. If electronics, know how to analyze an op-amp and some common uses. If software, know the basic syntax of the language you expect to be using.
Be on time but not too early. The engineer is probably not looking forward to interviews anyway, because it will just set the schedule back even more.
Have your resume get reviewed by several people you know both in and out of the engineering industry.