...I guess that's a no, then...
The startup circuitry will keep turning itself on and off, holding VCC at a low average voltage. It's still peaking high enough to turn on the MOSFET. If you do not have an oscilloscope, you will not be able to see this.
Without a MOSFET connected, there is no power from the AUX winding, and the controller will never remain on.
I don't recommend building SMPS without an oscilloscope, anyway, because you will never have a way to tell whether it's working well or not.
Tim