In terms of books, i have just two that serve me quite well (just a beginner myself), firstly as robrenz said "Practical Electronics for Inventors" is a must have and make sure its the third edition because the first two eds had heaps of errors/typos etc throughout it.
i recently picked up this book for around $50AUS and after having a quick look i was very impressed, its seems to cover just about everything.
the second book i'd recommend it the Art of Electronics, its a lot older (late 1980's?? IIRC) and cost a bit more then the other but its full of still relevant information. Think of this book like a supplement to the first one, more used as a reference when you need more details etc where as the first book i mentioned is more i guess like a text book to learn from, much alike in school.
in terms of soldering irons get a station if you can afford one, Hakko, weller etc make good stuff, you can even get a 936 clone relatively cheaply. i use a weller WD1 and its way over-the-top for my needs, probs would have got a hakko FX888 if i hadnt scored my weller for like $250AUS....
Best advice i can give with soldering is the get some good flux-core stuff, i use the brand 'Multicore' IIRC and my soldering has improved 10-fold plus some, because it REALLY does help.
I think dave has a video that mentions solder types?