I've this problem that puts a big weight on my chest, which consequently affects my mental performance and therefore I feel that I wouldn't be good a this. Let me stop here before I turn this into a medical consultation topic.
I've decided to start working on a meaningful electronics project during my two weeks vacation from engineering college. I thought of building a frequency counter circuit. I don't have much experience in hands-on electronics, so the first idea would be to search for a ready-to-use build, understands how it works in detail while building the circuit in parallel. I found this detailed design in the link below with the schematic the link just below it.
http://www.apogeekits.com/counter_article.htmhttp://www.apogeekits.com/PDF_Files/frequency_counter.pdfI've been biased toward a mcu solution from the start as a unit for computing the frequency in software and driving a display to show the numbers. I can easily do that after thinking in software without help, but the problem, that I couldn't think about how to solve without a reference design, was the analog circuit that can take an input analog signal (sine, triangular, square...etc) and turn into a stable 5V TTL-level signal at the output which can then be fed into the mcu. Initially, I imagined a circuit which has a combination of resistors and capacitors for filtering, op-amps and possibly some transistors and maybe some digital digital sampling. However, I didn't know how start thinking putting all these combinations together let alone start building it, so I ran into that link above.
With that design, I looked at the frequency-dependent amplifier stage. What's in there? three transistors and a mind-confusing network of resistors and capacitors. aaaaah, where do I start from? I started reading trying to understand the explanation of this part and each time I stumble upon electronic terms, I get more confused and mentally fatigued thinking that this is just above my comprehension. Constant current biasing? BF244 was selected because of low range of drain current IDSS? variation in variation in transconductance? and the list of confusing terms go on and on?
I know what a FET is as an electronic component and so is the case for a BJT. The thing is, how to start thinking in biasing and configuring these transistors in such a way to give the desired output? are these standard circuits, i.e. just copy and paste, or do I need to follow a couple of datasheet functions and parameters and write the transfer function of each stage?
What you suggest me to do? go ahead and build the circuit and then start trying to understand how everything works by scoping the signals? sit down and read some pages on the internet explaining how to build transistor amplifiers and how to realize the same circuits using op-amps? I really need help here.