If it involves math, Matlab is the answer. They have a 'personal' license so it's not terribly expensive. I really like the optional Simulink package. It includes blocks for creating analog simulations identical in concept to an analog computer. Very cool!
Fortran - I'm an old time Fortran programmer and I write a lot of demo code to show my grandson how to do various math operations like we did it in the good old days. Simple things, like Riemann Sums are so easy to demonstrate with Fortran (or any other language).
Desmos.com - absolutely ideal for graphing functions. This comes up a LOT in working through his Calculus program.
Symbolab.com - if you want to see how to solve math problems, this is the place. If you subscribe, you can get more detailed solutions but it isn't necessary.
Python and it's numeric libraries - This is the modern way to do math. Alas, I'm going to stick with Fortran. Buy books related to Python and Math to get specific help.