Keithley 263 Calbrator / Source

[Alex Nikitin]

It looks like my collection of Keithley gear is growing quickly. Here is the latest addition - 263 Calbrator / Source . A rather unusual instrument, combining some interesting features and capabilities. It can source voltage (from +/-5uV up to +/-20V on 20mV, 200mV, 2V and 20V ranges), current ( from 2pA full scale to 20mA full scale, the smallest step is 0.05fA !), charge and also can provide reference resistors in decades from 1K to 100G. There is also an internal electrometer amp that can accurately follow the voltage on the load in the current output mode, which means it is possible to measure resistances and voltage drop on diodes etc. The voltage source DAC is 16-bit (?) PWM based with a polarity switch, and the large reference resistors are provided with a temperature "compensated" reading (estimated from two measured during a calibration "cold" and "hot" values). The main reference is LM399.

I am waiting for Keithley 181 Nanovolmeter from the same range to arrive soon and also for some 2-lug triaxial connectors so I could operate the K263 and K617 together. I will post some measurements soon in this thread, but first impressions are very positive (measuring the reference resistors/voltages and currents sourced by K263 with K2015 and K617)

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

Here is the first measurement - 10V output from K263, measured by K2015, NPLC10 + 10averages, so ~ NPLC100. Vertical scale 0.5ppm/div.

Cheers

Alex

[Vgkid]

That seems like a rather versatile piece of equipment. It could almost double as an economy mfc.
Can't wait to see inside.

[VintageNut]

Congratulations! It is a very interesting instrument. I also recently acquired one of these.

On my instrument, the DC volts ranges are correct. The resistance ranges act like 100G is in parallel with every resistance. So, the 100G resistance range low by 2X. The 2pA current range is off by 2X.

One or more of the red Coto relays is the suspect. I am considering cutting out one or more of the relay wires since they are all wired above the analog board.

[guenthert]

Congratulations! It is a very interesting instrument. I also recently acquired one of these.

On my instrument, the DC volts ranges are correct. The resistance ranges act like 100G is in parallel with every resistance. So, the 100G resistance range low by 2X. The 2pA current range is off by 2X.

One or more of the red Coto relays is the suspect. I am considering cutting out one or more of the relay wires since they are all wired above the analog board.

100GOhm?  pA range?  I'd try cleaning first before cutting anythin' ...

[plesa]

Congratulations! It is a very interesting instrument. I also recently acquired one of these.

On my instrument, the DC volts ranges are correct. The resistance ranges act like 100G is in parallel with every resistance. So, the 100G resistance range low by 2X. The 2pA current range is off by 2X.

One or more of the red Coto relays is the suspect. I am considering cutting out one or more of the relay wires since they are all wired above the analog board.

Check if there is any input protection and if it is ok, this can explain high readout.

[VintageNut]

Congratulations! It is a very interesting instrument. I also recently acquired one of these.

On my instrument, the DC volts ranges are correct. The resistance ranges act like 100G is in parallel with every resistance. So, the 100G resistance range low by 2X. The 2pA current range is off by 2X.

One or more of the red Coto relays is the suspect. I am considering cutting out one or more of the relay wires since they are all wired above the analog board.

100GOhm?  pA range?  I'd try cleaning first before cutting anythin' ...

There is nothing to clean. All of the high resistance resistors are wired point-to-point to standoffs that are insulated with teflon spacers. The circuit board is just a convenient place to mount the standoffs. The only leakage path from the resistors to ground is through the relays. The relay control power is routed through the PCB but the relay SPST switch runs through the relay body above the PCB.

[Alex Nikitin]

Here is the overnight data - 16 hours in total. The drift looks like not temperature related, though the temperature did vary about 3-4 degrees over that time. The unit is quite old and was not powered for a considerable length of time, so hopefully this drift may settle after some days. In any case this -10ppm drift is very little considering the specification (0.0175% +500uV for 20V range).

Cheers

Alex

[plesa]

It seems to be more stable than recent 2600 series.

[VintageNut]

It seems to be more stable than recent 2600 series.

The voltage used for all of the voltage and current ranges of the 263 is generated by PWM. I am not sure how the 2600 series instruments generate voltage but I doubt that PWM is used. 

[Alex Nikitin]

Here is an interesting graph: 1V output generated by the K263 on 2V and 20V ranges. I was expecting 5% output on 20V range to be considerably noisier than 50% output on 2V range. But, apart from the (expected) lower accuracy on 20V range (right-hand scale), the (LF) noise (measured by K2015 on 1V range, NPLC10 +10av) is about the same. Vertical scale 1uV = 1ppm per division.

Cheers

Alex

P.S. Obviously, the measurements were consecutive, I've just used the time scale from one run to combine the data on a single graph.

[Kleinstein]

The two rather similar curves suggest that the main noise source could be the internal voltage reference and not the DAC circuit or output amplifier / divider.
The noise level about what you expect from an LM399 or similar reference. So it is not that bad. I would not expect better from such an instrument.

Also the meter to measure that curve could be an issue. The reference in the K2015 might not be that much better.

[Alex Nikitin]

The two rather similar curves suggest that the main noise source could be the internal voltage reference and not the DAC circuit or output amplifier / divider.
The noise level about what you expect from an LM399 or similar reference. So it is not that bad. I would not expect better from such an instrument.

Also the meter to measure that curve could be an issue. The reference in the K2015 might not be that much better.

No, this graph rather suggest it is not the reference noise, as the outputs are at 5% and 50% of FS and the reference noise should influence the output proportionally. I will check the noise level of 2015 used later today, but my suspicion is that noise might be from the filter and/or output amplifier. In any case, a very good performance from this unit.

Cheers

Alex

[Kleinstein]

The source is using a setup of  reference - PWM stage - filter - variable output amplifier.

Any noise from the filter section would be scaled with the amplification. So the 20 V range would show more of the filter noise. Most of the noise of the amplifier is also scaling with the amplification, as there is one DC loop from the output and not separate stages. Also noise from the PWM stage (e.g. clock jitter) would be about the same at the PWM stage output and thus scale with amplification. There might be a little PWM residual coming through. Here the 1 V from the 2 V range has 50% PWM and thus highest AC amplitude, but low amplification after than. The 1 V from 20 V range has less AC amplitude, but more than 1/10  from the 50% PWM. So residual AC should be slightly higher for the 20 V range.

The main noise source that does not change with amplification is the voltage reference. Output voltage is proportional to that reference, and the PWM stage acts like an multiplying DAC. So it make no difference getting a factor of 1 from PWM and 0.1 from the amplifier or the other way round.

As the 2015 is using the same LM399 type reference as the 263, I would expect about half the noise from each.

[Alex Nikitin]

The source is using a setup of  reference - PWM stage - filter - variable output amplifier.

Any noise from the filter section would be scaled with the amplification. So the 20 V range would show more of the filter noise. Most of the noise of the amplifier is also scaling with the amplification, as there is one DC loop from the output and not separate stages. Also noise from the PWM stage (e.g. clock jitter) would be about the same at the PWM stage output and thus scale with amplification. There might be a little PWM residual coming through. Here the 1 V from the 2 V range has 50% PWM and thus highest AC amplitude, but low amplification after than. The 1 V from 20 V range has less AC amplitude, but more than 1/10  from the 50% PWM. So residual AC should be slightly higher for the 20 V range.

The main noise source that does not change with amplification is the voltage reference. Output voltage is proportional to that reference, and the PWM stage acts like an multiplying DAC. So it make no difference getting a factor of 1 from PWM and 0.1 from the amplifier or the other way round.

As the 2015 is using the same LM399 type reference as the 263, I would expect about half the noise from each.

Yes, you are quite right about the reference noise, and my only excuse is that I have a rather bad cold at the moment    . On the amplifier noise side it is not as clear as the scaling amp in the 263 works with a low inverting gain (x2.5 , x0.25 x0.025) and as such the amplifier noise would not change proportionally to that gain. The output amplifier is a composite built from ICL7650 chopper amp and NE5534 as an output amp. The ICL7650 has 2uV p-p (DC-10Hz) noise and that is what we probably see on the output.

Cheers

Alex

P.S. - I've measured 100mV output on 200mV range and got only about 0.7-0.8uV p-p maximum deviation and mostly about only 0.4uV  . Much better than I've expected.

The 2015 I am using measures about 1uV p-p on 1V output from the Fluke 731B (with the same measurement parameters, NPLC10 + 10av).

[Alex Nikitin]

Some more Keithley fun  .

The first graph is 100mV output on 200mV (left scale) and 20V ranges (right scale), 1uV/div. Very good performance from the voltage source.

The second graph is 10pA current supplied into 100G 1% resistor (covered by a bit of foil and suspended in alligator clips over the bench). The 2015 measures the output of the internal electrometer, so for 10pA and 100G it should measure 1V. It took about 20min to settle, but a 10min run on the graph is quite impressive. Essentially a stable reading of 99.4G .

Soon I should receive triaxial bits and cables, and then will build a proper enclosure for this kind of measurements.

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

More I work with the Keithley 263 and learn about it,  more I like it. It can use a self-calibration ("Ladder") technique for calibrating high-Ohm ranges (1M to 100G) internally, though a direct external calibration/verification is also possible. It is also using a temperature compensation for high-Ohm and low current ranges, where the calibration is done at two temperatures ("cold" and "hot" values) and the actual value used is calculated by the microprocessor from internal temperature readings continuously monitored  by a special sensor. In the resistance mode the microprocessor displays the calculated value and in the current mode it adjusts the voltage source appropriately to correct for the resistance change.

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

It looks that the K263 is stabilizing now as it is continuously switched on. Here is a 3hours run today for 10V output. The temperature in my home lab was quite constant during this time (less than 2 degrees variations). Measured by the Keithley 2015, NPLC10 + 10 averages. After the New Year I plan to take the K263 to my work lab and do some better measurements with the HP3458A, including some linearity tests.

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

Here is 10V output of the Keithley 263, measured over 96 hours. The temperature variations in the lab here were about 5 degrees C, from 19C to 24C, and it looks like the voltage variations are due to the temperature changes only, with about 1ppm/C tempco.

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

Here is a nice Christmas present for me (and for my Keithley 617 + 263). I've bought this lot a couple of weeks ago from the US and it was delivered this morning  . I have few meters of Belden 9222 waiting and will have some proper triaxial cables soon!

Cheers

Alex

[VintageNut]

Here is a nice Christmas present for me (and for my Keithley 617 + 263). I've bought this lot a couple of weeks ago from the US and it was delivered this morning  . I have few meters of Belden 9222 waiting and will have some proper triaxial cables soon!

Cheers

Alex

Please take and post pictures of the build process.  Merry Christmas!

[Alex Nikitin]

Please take and post pictures of the build process.  Merry Christmas!

Merry Christmas to you too!

Next time I will try to take some pictures. Unfortunately, this lot is quite old, and the assembly diagram for the current Pomona 5056 has nothing to do with it! So it was not easy, but I've built one triax to triax cable and connected the 617 with 263. Works quite well, actually (with the cable connected and the end screened, the 617 shows no increase in the leakage current <1fA) . Below are some photos of the results (apologies for the quality, it was fairly dark in the lab).

Cheers

Alex

Here 10fA is sourced and measured (the residual "zero" current from the 263 was suppressed on the 617)



The same for 100fA



For 19pA



100G resistance sourced and measured.

[CalMachine]

The 263 seems like a pretty nice unit with decent stability.  Here at the shop we are in need of something that can source a charge and this Keithley 263 is one of the candidates we've been talking about getting to fulfill that hole in our services.

[Alex Nikitin]

As the K263 performs rather better than expected, my plan is to improve the weakest point in this unit - the electrometer. The chip used - AD549L - was probably the best available at the time as a single chip solution, however the input current is in the area of 30-50fA and this creates a noticeable offset (and noise) in the active current sourcing mode. Also the AD549 does drift with temperature much more than the latest electrometer chips. From the look of it, the circuit allows for a simple upgrade with the ADA4530-1 . The error current can be reduced to less than 1fA and the temperature drift by over ten times. It also should improve the accuracy of the self-calibration routine and remove the null adjustment requirement (as the initial offset of the ADA chip is less than the temperature drift of the AD549 for 1C).

Cheers

Alex

[VintageNut]

As the K263 performs rather better than expected, my plan is to improve the weakest point in this unit - the electrometer. The chip used - AD549L - was probably the best available at the time as a single chip solution, however the input current is in the area of 30-50fA and this creates a noticeable offset (and noise) in the active current sourcing mode. Also the AD549 does drift with temperature much more than the latest electrometer chips. From the look of it, the circuit allows for a simple upgrade with the ADA4530-1 . The error current can be reduced to less than 1fA and the temperature drift by over ten times. It also should improve the accuracy of the self-calibration routine and remove the null adjustment requirement (as the initial offset of the ADA chip is less than the temperature drift of the AD549 for 1C).

Cheers

Alex

The 263 is a very good and useful instrument for low current ranges and high resistances. You appear to have an excellent specimen. Looking forward to your results from the modification.

[Kleinstein]

The noise specs of the ADA4530-1 are not much better than for the AD549L. Both are 4 µV_pp for 0.1 Hz-10 Hz. And current noise is only 0.07 compared to 0.11 fA /sqrt(Hz). It is mainly the offset drift that is really much better. Also bias current at higher temperature and thus bias drift is much better.
The input capacitance is quite a lot larger - so if important, the AC performance can differ.

Before a modification, I would test the ADA4530-1 in a separate circuit. At that current level the board design and insulation is important, and the AD549L is likely not in a SOI8 case to allow direct replacement any adapter will add to leakage.

[Alex Nikitin]

The noise specs of the ADA4530-1 are not much better than for the AD549L. Both are 4 µV_pp for 0.1 Hz-10 Hz. And current noise is only 0.07 compared to 0.11 fA /sqrt(Hz). It is mainly the offset drift that is really much better. Also bias current at higher temperature and thus bias drift is much better.
The input capacitance is quite a lot larger - so if important, the AC performance can differ.

Before a modification, I would test the ADA4530-1 in a separate circuit. At that current level the board design and insulation is important, and the AD549L is likely not in a SOI8 case to allow direct replacement any adapter will add to leakage.

I suppose it is sufficient to say that I work with both AD549 and ADA4530-1 every day  .

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

The noise specs of the ADA4530-1 are not much better than for the AD549L. Both are 4 µV_pp for 0.1 Hz-10 Hz. And current noise is only 0.07 compared to 0.11 fA /sqrt(Hz). It is mainly the offset drift that is really much better. Also bias current at higher temperature and thus bias drift is much better.
The input capacitance is quite a lot larger - so if important, the AC performance can differ.

Before a modification, I would test the ADA4530-1 in a separate circuit. At that current level the board design and insulation is important, and the AD549L is likely not in a SOI8 case to allow direct replacement any adapter will add to leakage.

Perhaps I should elaborate on the differences between the AD549 and the ADA4530-1. The main problem with the AD549 is the strong dependency of the input currents from temperature, for every 8 degrees the current doubles and in the K263 it means that the current offset can easily vary with changes in the ambient temperature. Early this morning I've noted that the offset current on my K263 is about 37fA at the room temperature about 20C. It was almost 100fA yesterday evening when the lab was at about 25C. Also the LF current noise is proportional to the bias current and would also increase with temperature. The ADA4530 has CMOS inputs and does not exhibit a measurable increase in the bias current up to about 60-70C, with the bias currents well below 1fA. On top of this, you get much better temperature stability of the voltage offset. So I expect a considerable improvement in performance for the K263. I would just hard-wire the ADA4530-1 chip in place of the AD549, using a thin copper wire, no adapters (though an adapter from Rogers RO4350B laminate would work just fine).

Another important difference is that the total supply voltage for the ADA4530-1 is only 16V and for the AD549 it is 36V, so a direct replacement is not always possible. Fortunately, in the K263 the supply voltage for the electrometer is only about 15V.

Cheers

Alex

P.S. - on the current noise density - 0.11 fA /sqrt(Hz) for the AD549L is specified at 1kHz, and 0.07 fA /sqrt(Hz) for the ADA4530-1 is specified at 0.1Hz. Which makes, actually, a lot of difference (the noise of the AD549 at 0.1Hz would be at least ten times higher, most likely much more than that, especially at a higher than 25C temperature).

[Kleinstein]

The AD549 and AD4530 are FET based. So there current noise should not be higher at low frequencies. It is more that beginning from a frequency in the kHz range it goes up.

Besides current noise from the chip itself there could be noise associated with leakage - this might show some 1/f part, but this could be comparable as it does not depend so much on the chip, more on the package / board or standoffs.

It might no be practical to operate the chips at 20 C - to get the humidity down one might want to have the chip more at 10 K above environment. Also for the AD4530 there should be the typical increase in bias with temperature, at least most CMOS chips show it. Only the level is lower so that one might not notice it so much.

[Alex Nikitin]

The AD549 and AD4530 are FET based. So there current noise should not be higher at low frequencies. It is more that beginning from a frequency in the kHz range it goes up.

Besides current noise from the chip itself there could be noise associated with leakage - this might show some 1/f part, but this could be comparable as it does not depend so much on the chip, more on the package / board or standoffs.

It might no be practical to operate the chips at 20 C - to get the humidity down one might want to have the chip more at 10 K above environment. Also for the AD4530 there should be the typical increase in bias with temperature, at least most CMOS chips show it. Only the level is lower so that one might not notice it so much.

The AD549 is JFET based, the ADA4530-1 is MOSFET based. The leakage current for the AD549 is the actual gate current of input JFETs, for the ADA4530-1 it is a leakage current of bootstrapped protection diodes. On average, at the same temperature, the bias current of the ADA4530-1 is over 1000 times lower than that of the AD549. Below are the bias current v temperature graphs from the datasheets of these two chips (note the scale difference).

Cheers

Alex

[Smith]

Early this morning I've noted that the offset current on my K263 is about 37fA at the room temperature about 20C. It was almost 100fA yesterday evening when the lab was at about 25C.

Are you sure it's just the temperature, not a humidity issue? Although I guess it's the same closed case as the 617 electrometer, so it shouldn't be a big issue.

Keeping the pcb as clean as possible helps a lot in offset & stability. I cleaned the 6517 verry thouroghly about six months ago, and I never get any offset above 0.2 pA. It seems less temperature dependant too. I have stored it in a dry enviroment wich helps a lot.

I have used quite some AD542, AD547 and AD549, and they are temperature sensitive indeed. Now I use mostly LMC662, but because of the much lower power supply voltage it's not a drop in replacement. But they are stable, verry cheap and available in SOIC8 and DIP8.

Are you still using the Belden 9222? I really disliked that cable. It seems to be more noisy than the Keithley triax, and it's way to thick and rigid. Triboelectric effect on this cable is terrible too. I only use use Keithley triax now. More expensive, but a treat to work with.

BTW, verry nice piece of gear. A small current source has been on my wanted list for quite some time.

[Alex Nikitin]

Today I've replaced the electrometer opamp. The result is much better though not quite as good as I've hoped for (if I deliberately run the K263 sandwiched between two hot K2015s, so the temperature on a side panel gets to 35C, the bias current is under 50fA, before it was about 200fA). When the unit has good ventilation the temperature on a side drops to ~28C and the current is steady 9-10fA. Perhaps the other bits in the circuit (relays etc) do add some leakage. I may look at it again in detail when I'll have time - possibly when I'll replace some electrolytic capacitors on the main board, as some are definitely not well as visible on the photos. The AD549L (according to the manual) opamp has a different number on it, most likely a specially selected for the lowest bias current. One definite benefit from using the ADA4530-1 is a much faster recovery of the bias current after overloads and various switching. With the old opamp it could take 10-20 minutes to get back to the minimum current, with the new one - usually under a minute.

Cheers

Alex

[VintageNut]

Any idea who is the manufacturer of the rectangular relays that short out the high value resistors?

My 263 has cylindrical Coto relays.

I need to source a few of these.

[Alex Nikitin]

Yesterday I've tried to re-calibrate the K263 for the first time. The calibration routine is quite straightforward and convenient in a way that separate ranges can be calibrated one at a time without affecting other calibration values. A full calibration including the high value resistances would require two runs - a "cold" and a "hot" - that I'll leave for another weekend. I did calibrate the voltage ranges and lower value resistances (up to 100M) using the Keysight 34465A and got errors below 1LSB across the voltage ranges and <0.005%  for the displayed value of the resistors. The output current is now also more accurate down to 200nA range. Before the actual calibration I did a couple of "dry runs" with the calibration switch in the "off" position (including the high Ohm "Ladder" calibration), as it allows to do a calibration that holds till the power cycle and you can see the results immediately without actually overwriting the original calibration. Later I plan to use it to calibrate two Keithley 617 electrometers - one at home and one at work.

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

Today I've measured 100G resistance sourced by the Keithley 263 during a warmup from room temperature (22C), using the K617 (well warmed up). The result is somewhat disappointing - the tempco of the internal 100G resistor is over -1200ppm/C (between 29C and 39C) and the internal temperature correction is not compensating for it fully. I am planning now to upgrade the K263 with a hermetic Ohmite RX-1M 100G resistor which has about 6 times lower tempco. Below the results of the test.

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

I've upgraded the resistors and re-calibrated the Keythley 263 both "cold" and "hot" with very nice results. Here is a 24-hour run -  Keysight 34465A measuring 100uA current sourced from Keythley 263, the graph is showing quite a good performance from both units, I think, with less than 10ppm p-p deviation.

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

And here I'm trying to push the limits of detection. ~20min run, 5min idle, 5min +1fA, 5min -1fA and 5min idle, sourced by Keithley 263 and measured by Keithley 617. The red line is 50 samples running average, vertical scale 1fA/div.

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

Yesterday morning my (used 24/7) Keithley 263 developed a fault: the voltage source got stack at about half-scale 10.7V/1.07V/107mV depending on the output amp gain setting  . Even without opening the calibrator I've guessed that the output stage of the PWM is dead, so both Q2 and Q3 FETs are conducting all the time and the PWM output is essentially Vref divided by R13/R12 resistors. Either the FETs or U6 driver chip is faulty. Today I've opened the unit and it indeed looks like U6 (TSC426) is kaput. I should receive a replacement chip tomorrow and hopefully the 263 will be back in operation.

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

Update - the 263 is back to health after the U6 IC replacement. Thankfully the TSC426 chip is still available from Farnell.

Cheers

Alex

[VintageNut]

Yesterday morning my (used 24/7) Keithley 263 developed a fault: the voltage source got stack at about half-scale 10.7V/1.07V/107mV depending on the output amp gain setting  . Even without opening the calibrator I've guessed that the output stage of the PWM is dead, so both Q2 and Q3 FETs are conducting all the time and the PWM output is essentially Vref divided by R13/R12 resistors. Either the FETs or U6 driver chip is faulty. Today I've opened the unit and it indeed looks like U6 (TSC426) is kaput. I should receive a replacement chip tomorrow and hopefully the 263 will be back in operation.

Cheers

Alex

I am curious which resistors you replaced and what resistors were put in their place?

[Alex Nikitin]

I've replaced 11G and 100G resistors, using glass encapsulated Ohmite RX-1M series 100G and 10G resistors plus 1G 100ppm/C reistor in series with 10G to make 11G required. The result was about five-six times better tempco on 100G and very low (below 25ppm/C, difficult to measure accurately) tempco on 10G resistor outputs (and associated current ranges as well). The 263 uses a linear compensation technique at low currents and interpolates the displayed value for high-Ohm resistors depending on the continuously measured internal temperature. With better resistors these is less to compensate.

Cheers

Alex

[Alex Nikitin]

As the Keithley 263 is at my work lab at the moment, I've measured 1mA current sourced by it on two meters at the same time - Keysight 34465A and HP3458A. The results over two hours are on the graph attached. In general, the 263 is quite stable and accurate. Also nice to see both meters agree with each other down to few ppm.

Cheers

Alex

[r6502]

Hello all,

I just also bought a 263.

the instrument works proper exept of the 2µA range. For this range the I do not get an output current. I looked at the  the schematics, and found out, that K2 may be defect. Has anyone an idea, where to get this kind of relays Keithley used in this device?

K2 I think is not s shielded one, but looks also not very common. Also the relays  e. g. K6, K7 to K11 look really special. Thy are electostacic shielded between the contact and the coil and have very high isolation resitance. I did not find this kind of relays yet. Would be fine, if somebody has an idea, where to get those relay types.

Kind regards

Guido

[r6502]

Hello all,

meanwhile I checked the analog board of the 263. and I found out, no relay is defect, but the 1M resistor R32 !? How could this happen?

I have build a temporarry replacement of the resitor with a set of metal film resistors and a poti.  I adjusted the resitance with my HP 34401 to exact 1Meg Ohm at room temperature.

anyway, I took a few photos:
1st:  K263 analg board
2nd: R32 on analog board, defect
3rd: schematic of my temporary replacement of R32
4th: setting 1µA output current at k263 (2µA range) and measure it with  K487 (borrowed from Philipp, friend of mine)

I'm going to order a 1M Resistor from Mouser:
https://www.mouser.de/ProductDetail/Caddock/USF370-100M-001-5ppm?qs=sGAEpiMZZMu61qfTUdNhG33Nr1JzxbuNptKv40C8U7I%3D
MFG: Caddock; Spec: TK 5ppm, tolerance 0,01%, pwer max 0,75W; article: USF370-1.00M-0.01%-5ppm 

Hope, this helps all other's interested in the K263.

It's a really nice instrument.

Have a nice weekend!

Guido

[r6502]

As the K263 performs rather better than expected, my plan is to improve the weakest point in this unit - the electrometer. The chip used - AD549L - was probably the best available at the time as a single chip solution, however the input current is in the area of 30-50fA and this creates a noticeable offset (and noise) in the active current sourcing mode. Also the AD549 does drift with temperature much more than the latest electrometer chips. From the look of it, the circuit allows for a simple upgrade with the ADA4530-1 . The error current can be reduced to less than 1fA and the temperature drift by over ten times. It also should improve the accuracy of the self-calibration routine and remove the null adjustment requirement (as the initial offset of the ADA chip is less than the temperature drift of the AD549 for 1C).

Cheers

Alex

Hello Alex,

I thought about the same, replacing the the AD549 with the ADA4530.  It should work, as the AD549 is supplied with about ±8V power supply, generated from V+ and V- rails from the K263. Max rating for the ADA4530 is 16V. The ADA has a lower initial offset, and a lower drift, compared with the AD549.

I have some ADA4530 remaining  .  I will post results, when I did the update.


Guido

[intabits]

Just a very small nit-picky point, and which obviously hasn't mattered in practice - the 27K in your R32 replacement would give more balanced +/- adjustment range if changed to 33K.
The ideal value is 31444 Ohms, so 33K is better than 27K.

Just looking at the 30K nominal part (all but the 820K & 150K):-

31.444K: Adjustment Range:     -20.26% to +20.26%  Resistance: 23.92K to 36.08K   
27K:        Adjustment Range:     -29.13% to +14.04%  Resistance: 21.26K to 34.21K
33K:        Adjustment Range:     -17.29% to +22.36%  Resistance: 24.81K to 36.71K

A very small point I know, but might be worth noting for anyone else wanting to make a trimmable 1M resistor...

[opa627bm]

Did you get this off Ebay?