They use ARM processors in their modules but they're programmed in BASIC rather than C or C++, they also have a useful range of LCD screens with additions to the chip software to directly talk to them.
As for the need for 32-bit floating point math, if you want to work out the tuning word for a DDS chip then the formula is
(2^32 / Clock Frequency in Hz) x wanted frequency in Hz, not easy to do in eight bits. PICAXE have a 32-bit FP coprocessor but it's a lot of messing around and isn't too well integrated.