I would suggest that on your studies you compare against
EFM8BB10
and
C8051F320
Both from silabs, those are the fastest 8051 I know, STC is also a option but more on price than specs
I have used the C8051F380 and EFM8UB20F64G (same chip by a different name) and it's excellent. I would also highly recommend Nuvoton's Flash 8051 parts. Both SILabs and Nuvoton have real debugging (single-step, breakpoint, watch variables, etc) rather then burn and learn. Both are available in stock at normal distributors (Digikey and/or Mouser and probably more).