I think it uses a single custom IC, but that could be replaced with discrete parts if absolutely required.
That was really what I was getting at. Do you know what this chip is and if it's available today?
No, it was a custom HP part. It's basically just an op-amp though. Like I said, it *could* be replaced with a tiny custom board, but I've never seen one go bad before. If anything it'll be one of the power supply or output transistors. Actually, the most common fault would be the "grain of wheat" bulb, which is a 5V 30mA lamp, if memory serves. I've got some, if you need one.
I've actually been meaning to design a tiny little board to replace the bulb with an LED. It's not a straight conversion since the probe puts out 0-5V to the bulb, and an LED won't light under 2.1V. LT makes a neat little voltage to PWM converter in a SOT-23 package, so my plan was to drop that in, so as the voltage from the probe increases, the duty cycle to the LED would increase, thus increasing the brightness in a linear fashion just like the standard lamp.