Testing those diodes and transistors in circuit is simply looking at them with a DMM in diode test mode, they will for most diodes be either open or junction voltage in circuit, or for the digital transistors check there is no CE short, the built in base resistor protects it quite well. That will exonerate most of them, and the remaining iffy ones ( measures leaky in one direction and lower than diode in the other) it is a lot quicker to replace them, then test the removed one before tossing it. Check the small resistors as well, the ones connected to the collectors of those digital transistors are fusible, and can easily be either open circuit or high in value, just a quick in circuit resistance check and if it is nominal value or slightly lower it is fine, but if higher in value it is cooked. Same with the inductors, they should be lowish resistance at DC ( probably under 10R, but depends on the actual inductor, check manufacturers data sheet for typical DC resistance values for the specific series and value to be sure) and the capacitors should of course measure as very high resistance.