I don't think there's a built-in way to do this. Sounds like a job for a user script.
You can almost use PCB filters to do a very crude approximation by using something like
InNet('+3V3') AND HasCompParameterValue('Voltage Rating', '16V')
but filters I think treat all parameter values as strings, so I don't think there's a way to make it understand something like 'ParameterValue >= 10V' or whatever. Also there are some annoying limitations regarding selecting by pin (InNet) versus by component (HasComponentParameter) that make the logical query operators insensible.