The same "fuzz" sound can be easily achieved by simply overdriving a 741, it's simply a matter of driving the thing into saturation giving what is essentially a square wave output
There's still differencies in sounds. I've never liked op-amp distortion whereas I really appreciate fuzz face and fuzz (certainly to do with the internal Op-Amp construction, push pull and crossover distortion and so on). Tube vs transistors is the same thing, it's the way they distort and messed up the sound.
about loads, it's just the way it way made in that time. The famous Clapton treble booster works the same. Rise the input impedance (or put a buffer in front of it) and the sound's horribly ear-piercing. Don't know why they didn't use higher input impedance, it seems absurd today, maybe it was a cost thing or it was intentional

What's more, some guitaristes (Warren Haynes from Gov't mule for instance) accumulate meters and meters of cable to tame high-end on his huge rig. Ok, this is a bit silly, a RC filter will suffice but what your ears like isn't a math equation.
In the same field, a funny thing to do : go to a guitarist forum, start a thread "what's the best buffer I could get" and watch the show
