There's at least one commercial product that does this, but the voltages are selected in 1.5 volt increments to match batteries, so not as useful as it could be.
You could use a single LM317 and switch between various resistors electronically or with a mechanical switch.
edit: Found one
https://www.amazon.com/Philmore-Multi-Voltage-Regulated-Power-Supply/dp/B004M45MHQ
The voltage selections are not useful (other than maybe 12V):
Multi-Voltage Output: 3 , 4.5, 6 , 7.5, 9 , 12 VD
Depends on the task at hand. When doing repairs, I would find those voltage selections very useful, as they correspond to widely used battery combinations.
Well looking like ill have 3.2-6.2+, 12v+-, 19v+ i think thats a good range and one spare transformer if i decide later to add another voltage range