@DuPe, thank you for the answer!
At this stage, I have already created a printed circuit board, and it is impossible to remake it. I first encountered operational amplifiers. In the next version of the board, I will think about an alternative.
There is information:
The specification of the amplifier indicates the value of the Input voltage difference: 0.6 V, as I understand it, this is the maximum difference between the inverted and non-inverted input.
In my case, 2.4V (with a divider of 100k-100k) should come at the inverted input, and 5.1V should come at the non-inverted input. The difference between these voltages is 2.7V, which is clearly greater than 0.6V.
I see 4.5V, instead of 2.4V, which leads to the idea that he is trying to raise the voltage to 0.6V and because of this starts to heat up.
Current must be limited. The non-inverted input is connected directly to the microcontroller, which can output up to 20mA, and the inverted input to it comes with a divider, here I do not know if it can produce a current of more than 5mA, which destroy the opamp.