Just got registered on this forum to confirm, that DeWalt Charger DCB095 purchased in US and labelled as supporting 120V AC 60 Hz input voltage only was tested on 230VAC 60Hz and found working perfectly fine.
The board in my charger is built exactly same way as on photos from topic starter - input rectifier filter electrolytic capacitor is mounted with voltage label down thus no chance to read what is rated voltage, but thanks to info posted in this forum topic I got confidence that the charger is 230VAC ready. That is really great because I was already thinking to by voltage converter for this charger to use it on 230VAC network.
By the way, gyroscopic cordless screwdriver DeWalt DCF680 is amazing tool, I couldn't fine anything similar from another brand - thank you DeWalt!