Word of advice, stay away any symbolic math packages in python, they're garbage.
Care to elaborate?
Do you mean Sympy? I dare to say that it does more than most will need. It is certainly not Mathematica, but it also doesn't cost arm and leg and your firstborn. I have used it to derive some complicated jacobians involving quaternions for a SLAM system and it certainly was able to deal with that. The kind of stuff that has been posted earlier in that Mathematica example is certainly possible with it with no issues.
If Sympy isn't enough, there is also the older Sage project (
http://www.sagemath.org/) that is more powerful than Sympy (it is used for mathematical research, such as number theory, so I dare to say its symbolic capabilities are decent).
If neither of that works, there are Python (or JupyterLab) frontends to Maple, Maxima (Sage uses Maxima under the hood), even Mathematica and the now free (as in beer) Mathematica kernel/Wolfram Engine (basically Mathematica meant for embedding in other things, no UI and a restrictive license)
What python lacks is a good symbolic engine and Simulink, both of which Matlab has. Simulink is still the preferred method of designing controllers in commercial industries.
Simulink yes, but then Python is a general purpose programming language + libraries, not a specialized tool (where the programming bit is mostly a messy afterthought - ehm Matlab ...). However, we were talking about plotting graphs and doing basic math, not designing controllers (or similar activities) where one benefits from one of the many specialized (and expensive) Matlab/Simulink toolboxes.