In heavy industry there is a group of devices call "tool counter balance" that might be of use. Normally these are used on production lines for fairly heavy tools, to reduce injuries, but the can be had in much smaller size. If you look around you can find units with less than 1 pound pull. An example here:
https://www.industrialspringbalancer.com/products/standard-balancers.htmlA very similar device is the retractable key lanyards. These come in all sorts of varieties. An example would be:
https://www.keybak.com/ Realize that for some users a key ring can end up weighing a lot due to all that brass, so you might get passable results.
As for springs I'm not sure what you might have in mind there. For support of wire from above, one common approach is the Kellems™ type wire grip. In this case you would want a support grip. An example:
https://www.hubbell.com/wiringdevice-kellems/en/wire-management. These would work in conjunction with a counter balance system of some sort. I think I know what you are talking about with springs but my Google FU has failed me, I have not come up with a vendor, which leads me to believe such a solution is custom made or old fashion.
One other thing that is always worth considering for overhead cable management is a Festooning system. An example here:
https://khindustries.com/product-category/power/festoon-systems/ for a light duty system. Some of these systems have the structural capability to put a soldering station overhead. I've even seen similar hardware used to allow small welders to be moved about a work piece. In any event I only had to hear the word Festoon once and I've never forgot what the word implies. Probably over kill at a lab bench. However you can do something similar with messenger wire and a DIY spirit.
When all else fails you should try searching McMaster-Carr.
A word of warning though, having soldering irons, test probes and other pointy objects hanging over a work bench is likely a safety issue. So you might want to consider a different approach which simply involves running the scope probes to the right or left of the soldering station as may be needed. One way to do this on the instrument shelf, front edge, is to make use of Panduit wire management systems like:
https://www.panduit.com/en/products/wire-routing-management-protection/wiring-duct-accessories/wiring-duct-duct-covers.html. These are the same wire ways used in industrial control panels and could positively move your scope leads out of the way of the soldering station without a lot of mechanical madness. This way no overhead hazards and frankly a lot of flexibility as you can rapidly change how wires and cables are routed.