I'm not saying I agree with wiring the resistor that way, I'm just explaining what I see and as presented with the resistor going to neutral (earth), the drawing is correct and fairly safe. In the U.S. even two prong plugs are polarized by having one prong wider than the other so the plug cannot be put in backwards. A 3-wire plug for grounding is much better for permanent installations.
What you show is a hand drawn schematic of a linear power supply and it doesn't show a switch or a fuse (which should be included) so we can only go with what you have shown us. You don't say whether it is commercial or home built but with the capacitors across the diodes and the resistor connected to neutral I suspect commercial. It looks similar to what would have been done in older stereo equipment.
Your drawing may be correct but it doesn't mean it is good practice. Here is a schematic of a similar supply setup that I found online. You can see the cord is 3-wire, there is a switch and a fuse, and the secondary is grounded. Every piece of equipment I have in my workshop has a 3-wire line cord so every ground terminal on every piece of equipment is at the same ground potential to protect me and the equipment. I have an isolation transformer if there is some short term testing situation where I need it for some weird situation but not for long term use.