I don't knwo if the same applies to phone speakers, but when I used to look at car speakers, there was a Sensitivity rating, which would measure the sound output @1W/1M usually measured in db.
there are a few factors that play in.
Impedance is one, the lower the impedance, the higher the watts (or probaby milliwatts in this case) you will draw from the amplifier, but it needs to match what the amplifier can supply, if you go too low, it can fry the amp.
But if you can find a db sensitivity rating, that will make a big difference. for every 3db rise, is a doubling in "loudness". But there is a trade off there too, as the sound can get less controlled, and more peaky - they usually have a less flat frequency response across the spectrum. So the sound can be harsher and less accurate.