I believe these were selected 10mA tunnel diodes type SMTD998. The usual source for parts like that is an unrepairable similar scope, or plugin, used for parts. In fact if you use a Tek 400 series scope regularly, they are now getting to be so old that it's worth having another as a parts mule.
As said earlier, one of the ebay Russian tunnel diodes might be a suitable substitute. Check with somewhere like
https://groups.io/g/Tektronix. Maybe someone else has done this, which might save a lot of experimenting.
If you have a diode with leads so rusted as to fall apart, my guess would be that the scope has been kept somewhere very damp for a long time. There may be so much other damage, it's beyond practical repair.