A semiconductor can fail in so many ways depending on the stress/damage taken, I've never seen specs were it guaranteed no shorts, but I haven't seen so much either.
But:
- Add proper input filtering and protection against spikes/trasients.
- Don't rely on cheap chinese parts.
- The only true protection against shorts between input/output is to use a crowbar, so there's absolutely no way the output can be overvolted and damaged.
- Given the low current, just use a small resettable fuse for protection against input/output short to gnd.