So I can only rewrite the 24cxx When I have previously filled with ff ?
There is no erase on these kind of I2C chips.
If there were there would have been a seperate I2C command, there is not so the chip will take care of erasing the byte or page it self (automagically) when a write command is received.
You can just write over the data as long as the WP pin is disabled, else you can not write anything.
So if you can't write, check the datasheet and the WP pin.