Author Topic: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven  (Read 50461 times)

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Offline EEVblogTopic starter

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EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« on: December 20, 2013, 06:44:37 am »
Dave plays around with converting a toaster oven into a surface mount SMD reflow oven with a beginner kit and controller from Beta Layout.
Includes basic calibration and thermal profiling of the oven.
Also a look at an example PCB from PCB-Pool, and reflow of an example board with lead-free solder paste.
And using an Agilent bluetooth multimeter to remote log the temperature.

http://www.beta-estore.com/rkuk/order_product_details.html?p=13
http://www.beta-estore.com/rkuk/order_product_details.html?p=242
http://www.maximintegrated.com/datasheet/index.mvp/id/3149

 

Offline marshallh

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #1 on: December 20, 2013, 07:55:15 am »
Convection can make all the difference. The first run failed being undertemp, but notice the parts that didn't reflow were directly above the metal of the tray.

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Offline peter.mitchell

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #2 on: December 20, 2013, 08:44:01 am »
Those boards look absolutely beautiful, aside from the silkscreen, such a letdown. however.... if you dont use silkscreen on your products, 10/10!
 

Offline mixt

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #3 on: December 20, 2013, 08:51:41 am »
I noticed that as well. The parts that didn't reflow were sitting directly over the metal grill. Perhaps for non-convection ovens, it would be good to float/support the board(s) from the corners in some way so that the grill isn't adding any thermal mass to the PCB. Even if the reflow is successful, the grill would definitely create some thermal stress due to uneven heating.. which is what we're trying to avoid, right?
 

Offline EEVblogTopic starter

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #4 on: December 20, 2013, 09:08:32 am »
Convection can make all the difference. The first run failed being undertemp, but notice the parts that didn't reflow were directly above the metal of the tray.

Ah, didn't notice that.
 

Offline EEVblogTopic starter

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #5 on: December 20, 2013, 09:10:04 am »
Those boards look absolutely beautiful, aside from the silkscreen, such a letdown. however.... if you dont use silkscreen on your products, 10/10!

Yeah, just the poor silkscreen, bummer.
 

Offline bookaboo

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #6 on: December 20, 2013, 09:49:29 am »
Yeah that metal grill def caused an issue on the first attempt. Maybe some FR4 or similar as a baseplate to give more even thermals.
Was thinking the E4 would be a great job here but it wouldn't see through the glass, could still get a snapshot on opening the door at the end though.
 

Offline JuKu

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #7 on: December 20, 2013, 10:10:42 am »
I have that too, and just like Dave, ended up makign manual adjustments to the profile. After that, I too like ot and consider it reliable.  :-+
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Offline Wytnucls

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #8 on: December 20, 2013, 10:27:48 am »
If you liked the controller enclosure, they are available from Conrad in different colors and sizes:
http://www.conrad.de/ce/de/product/523105/Universal-Gehaeuse-Polystyrol-Rot-135-x-95-x-45-1-St
 

Offline EEVblogTopic starter

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #9 on: December 20, 2013, 10:29:13 am »
Yeah that metal grill def caused an issue on the first attempt. Maybe some FR4 or similar as a baseplate to give more even thermals.

I was curious to see what a big piece of copper clad board would do acting as a heat shield and heat sink...
 

Offline jeroent

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #10 on: December 20, 2013, 11:02:47 am »
Hi Dave.
I got a Severin sliced bread toaster. Wondering if I can use it for soldering as well.... :-)


 

Offline nitro2k01

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #11 on: December 20, 2013, 11:07:54 am »
As noted, the grill absorbed heat locally. Maybe it would be a better idea to actually use the tray to get a more even thermal distribution. And maybe even tape down the probe to the tray without hooking it on to the PCB. Yeah, the tray will have thermal mass, but that's what the overshoot calibration is there for, right?

I'm also wondering about the temperature offset. You changed it at room temperature because it gave a too high reading and when you logged the temperature, then the oven controller returned a too low reading (compared to the Agilent, 51:30-52:30 ish.) Maybe the probe, or amplifier circuit in the controller, is crusty and doesn't give an accurate reading at room temperature. Maybe the probe offset should be calibrated around a references temperature of 100 or more degrees C?
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Offline GeoffS

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #12 on: December 20, 2013, 11:09:28 am »
Hi Dave.
I got a Severin sliced bread toaster. Wondering if I can use it for soldering as well.... :-)

Of course you can! Courtesy of mikeselectricstuff  :)

http://www.electricstuff.co.uk/smtoast.html
 

Offline eV1Te

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #13 on: December 20, 2013, 11:22:36 am »
That temp controller is not very good at all, 7 Degree offset and no decimal points in the reading or offset calibration value. I have previoualy designed thermocouple controllers myself, and you would need to really try hard to mess it up by that much!

Could you please make a follow up video where you trace out the analog part of the controller and check what voltage and temp reference they are using. Are they using the built in 10 or 12 bit ADC? In that case I would expect some white noise generator so that they can oversample and dither the reading.

If anyone is interested, almost every PID controller you buy today, can 'learn' by them selves and any serious company would have a specification of maximum +-.5 degrees in offset (then the thermocouple would be an additional +-1 degree). Also common PID controllers can handle a variety of thermocouples and also PT100/1000 for better acurracy since you rarely reflow your boards at 1300 degrees Celsius.  :-+
 

Offline EEVblogTopic starter

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #14 on: December 20, 2013, 11:54:03 am »
That temp controller is not very good at all, 7 Degree offset and no decimal points in the reading or offset calibration value.

That's likely just the display output rounding.

Quote
Could you please make a follow up video where you trace out the analog part of the controller and check what voltage and temp reference they are using. Are they using the built in 10 or 12 bit ADC? In that case I would expect some white noise generator so that they can oversample and dither the reading.

I already posted the datasheet in the video description.

 

Offline AndersAnd

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #15 on: December 20, 2013, 01:00:10 pm »
Most importantly, does it come with a heating profile for pizzas too?  :-DMM
 

Offline JoannaK

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #16 on: December 20, 2013, 01:20:25 pm »
Nice video of the home (small business) reflow owen, especially showing the process and the traps there are (calibration, metal grill etc)..

I wonder though, if you should mentioned a bit more clear that you didn't actually purchase the owen and controller (was gifted), and that the entire set (including materials, delivery etc) would have cost close or over 300 Euros.
 

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #17 on: December 20, 2013, 01:27:30 pm »
A coarse metal grille can cause cold spots - I tend to use a fairly fin mesh sheet which works fairly well.
Another option is to make up some long triangular (think Toblerone) sections of PCB strip (e.g. old tooling bars), about 10mm on  a side, by taping 3 strips together with kapton tape, and using these as 'trestles' to seperate the PCB from the shelf. This is also a useful way to do double-sided reflow. 
 
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Offline JoannaK

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #18 on: December 20, 2013, 01:32:24 pm »
Most importantly, does it come with a heating profile for pizzas too?  :-DMM

For  ols school coders.. There's always C1541 .. Disk drive with pizza warming feature pre-installed.
 

Offline eV1Te

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #19 on: December 20, 2013, 01:49:53 pm »
That temp controller is not very good at all, 7 Degree offset and no decimal points in the reading or offset calibration value.
That's likely just the display output rounding.
You are correct since the ADC has 0.25 degrees resolution after reading the datasheet.

After looking carefully on the video, I think they might have made the mistake of not using a proper thermocouple-wire from the connector to the circuit board inside the box. The wires from the connector is soldered to the board, but I have never managed to solder the Nickel based alloy used for Type-K thermocouples, the solder does not wet this alloy. If this is the case, you can just replace that wire and possibly gain several degrees of better accuracy, and you can even leave the box on top of the oven without any problems  ;)

I already posted the datasheet in the video description.
I completely missed that, thanks!  :)

But for the same amount of money (123 Euro) you can get much better performance, for example this industrial miniature thermocouple controller (which I have used as an oven controller previously).
http://www.omega.com/pptst/CN7500.html
Cost 70 Euro (and then you buy a solid state relay and a fancy box for the remaining 50 Eur you have saved)

This can handle all thermocouples types (even other signals such as 10 mV per Celsius and PT100) from -273 to +1800 Celsius with 0.25% accuracy out of the box without calibration (better with calibration of course). It has dual temperature display and up to 64 different ramp/soak steps with build in extra relays for customizable alarms. Omega also have free software for changing parameters and proper logging/graphing capability for more than 200 devices on the same RS232 or RS485 cable if you ever would like to expand your toaster oven reflow capacity.  :-+


 

Offline peter.mitchell

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #20 on: December 20, 2013, 02:05:10 pm »
Just wondering, whats the go with using SSRs in these things, compared to using TRIACS? Is it primarily just heat dissipation.
 

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #21 on: December 20, 2013, 02:16:27 pm »
Just wondering, whats the go with using SSRs in these things, compared to using TRIACS? Is it primarily just heat dissipation.
A SSR is typically just either a triac or a pair of back-to-back MOSFETS, plus isolation etc. in the same package.
I think some use photovoltaic isolators to drive MOSFETS, which probably reduces losses- a triac drops typically 0.8V, so produces a fair amount of heat when switching heavy loads.
SSRs also have stuff like isolation & approvals taken care of.

BTW I didn't like how it looked like that low-voltage wire could touch the fuseholder.
 


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Offline Kohanbash

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #22 on: December 20, 2013, 02:30:18 pm »
Hi
Has anyone here tried a small infrared reflow oven such as  http://www.ebay.com/itm/T962-INFRARED-IC-HEATER-REFLOW-OVEN-SMD-BGA-T-962-d-/260799459468?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0&hash=item3cb8dbf08c

For $245 USD it is about the same cost as this thermal controller+toaster.
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Offline eV1Te

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #23 on: December 20, 2013, 02:54:04 pm »
A SSR is typically just either a triac or a pair of back-to-back MOSFETS, plus isolation etc. in the same package.
I think some use photovoltaic isolators to drive MOSFETS, which probably reduces losses- a triac drops typically 0.8V, so produces a fair amount of heat when switching heavy loads.
SSRs also have stuff like isolation & approvals taken care of.

Is there some other reason to use MOSFETS, I mean at 10A you need a MOSFET with 80 mOhm on-resistance (and 300+ volt capability) which is quite expensive, just to compete with the 0.8 V drop in the triac?

BTW I didn't like how it looked like that low-voltage wire could touch the fuseholder.
And also no varistors or other protection for the SSR, they are usually quite sensitive to voltage spikes and often fail shorted so that the oven would overheat and possibly be a fire hazard depending on what you put into it.
 

Offline Winston

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Re: EEVblog #558 - Beta Layout DIY SMD Thermal Reflow Oven
« Reply #24 on: December 20, 2013, 03:12:21 pm »
If they'd have used a transformer with a primary center tap and a back panel voltage selector switch, or to save money, just a jumper on the PCB, they could have easily made it 230/115V.

Anyone know of a controller, preferably Arduino-based, that has the only feature of the Beta controller that really interests me, the learning/calibration function?
 


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