Even a table lamp with an es lamp base?
What is the question here?
Any lamp fixture has to be grounded (and therefore connected to a ground), any lamp base is either grounded or double insulated?
A regular light bulb doesn't care, a modern LED bulb also doesn't care?
It's not very double insulated when you're screwing in the lamp.
Yes it is, once it is screwed.
Technically speaking one has to call a capable person (like an electrician or licensed handy man), to replace those.
In practice this obviously never happens, but that doesn't matter from a standards point of view.
For those lamp fittings with just a simple two prong cable with a small bulb, it is impossible to touch or reach the metal threat of the lamp receptacle.
Which is also a form of double insulation.
But it does raise an interesting question or point about those full E27 bulbs standing lamps
I guess one has to follow the manual, which means disconnecting the lamp, remove the bulb, install new bulb and connect the lamp again.
Otherwise there is risk of being zapped. I have actually never thought (and cared) about it to be very honest.
With fixed lamp fittings, the Life and Neutral have to be connected according standards, so in that case it's never an issue.
The default standard procedure there, is to switch of the breaker/fuse first and than replace the bulb.