The key word in that law is INTENT! Was it intended as a fake bomb to scare people? Should we arrest anyone with a paper mache ball and fuse for a cartoon themed school play? Stopping someone to asses a threat is one thing, but it shouldn't take a genious to realize there was no explosive in that breifcase.
Second, did you just say it was totally ok for a kid to be arrested, phyciatrically analyzed and told what he did was "wrong" because he had an EMPTY CASING?! Now, if he was telling some disturbing story...then maybe...but if it was a case of he dug up a civil war or wild west casing in his backyard and brought it to his history class...
Security theater garbage...
You misunderstood the context of what I'm trying to say. I only included the bullet casing story to show that people have been arrested in a worse manner but nothing bad came out of it. As for the rest I think I clearly explained it above. In short, yes I would at the very least question someone doing something that does not fit into a particular environment. Paper mache bomb thrown in the dean's office for example.
As for
intent, I 100% agree. Currently, I can't prove that, beyond a reason of a doubt, this clock project was designed to incite some sort of response. Some even say the father was behind it or fully supported it as a means to gain power but that really can't be proved. Truthfully, I dropped this story once the circus ended and my coworkers stopped talking about it. Still,
intent works both ways.
Where is the proof that racists exist in that school or Irving? They had no case and that is the sham of this circus. This is the sham that continues even today. People often confuse being arrested with being jailed. More importantly, people often confuse an accusation, an indictment, and a conviction. These are all very very different from each other. This is ultimately what I absolutely ABSOLUTELY DESPISE about the world today. In a mere instant your reputation can be in ruins. The true victim here is the City of Irving and maybe the state of Texas itself. The perpetrator being not really the kid but the mass circus that follows. A lot of people ridden on like the ship of fools they are or were. For some reason Texas was considered a racist state when a mere visit to it's cities (Houston, San Antonio, El Paso, to name a few and yes even Dallas) will prove otherwise. Just don't do anything stupid, respect the culture and laws, and you're fine. Pretty much the advice you'd hear on a foreign trip. This place isn't 1930s Germany. Sorry. I have no shame and I'm proud of being able to have lived in this state. Flaws and all.
As for security theater, agreed on that. Life was so much better in the 90s. I could literally do whatever I wanted and no one would question it. However, 09/11/2001 happened. America changed that day and will forever be changed. Other places in the world might be easily forgiving and forgetful but ~3,000 died that day. Where my parent saw the moon landing at my age at the time, I had the pleasure of watching thousands of people die live on TV in school. I don't have a satisfactory answer to changing this environment back to what it once was. I wish we could go back and pretend it didn't happen. That is well beyond the scope of my abilities though. Logically imho change will most certainly come from denying radical Islamic terrorism (or whatever its called) its place in the world. Very much like we've denied the Ku Klux Klan.
This is why I have to call the arrest, justified, regardless of who you are. Its normal police procedure to arrest anyone (including an innocent person) at the scene of a crime anyways (which this is, making fake bombs is against the law) then sort out who is who.
Fair point. I can understand police stepping in to control a situation of unknown risk and that sorting things out can happen at a later date when the situational variables have been removed. So, OK on the arrest, then.
The circus that followed, though ... 
Totally agreed.

That is when I knew modern day racism was alive and well. Its just not the type of any pre-1960s footage from history class we end up visualizing about. A reminder that a requirement of racism is prejudice which comes from pre justice or pre judgement. These meaning that making a judgement before all the facts are in.