General > General Technical Chat
Alphaphoenix -- How does electricity find the path of least resistance?
Simon:
--- Quote from: aetherist on May 12, 2023, 07:22:31 am ---ELEKTONS & ELEKTICITY & ELEKTRONS FOR BEGINNERS.
3. A metal has a thin layer of elektons on its outside surface – that is what makes it a metal.
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wrong, it is not the electrons on the outside surface that make something a metal.
--- Quote ---4. Non-metals do not have a layer of elektons on their surfaces.
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Wrong, how do you explain static?
--- Quote ---5. Elektons are photons that hug the surface….
6. Whilst propagating at the speed of light in the medium touching the surface (eg air)(eg plastic insulation).
7. Elektons move in every direction on the surface of a say Cu wire – but (eventually) mainly along.
8. The propagation speed of elektons duznt depend on the kind of metal – all kinds of metals give the same speed.
9. The ruffness of the surface slows the speed of elektons – due to the extra distance up&down over the ruffness.
10. Elektons have a negative charge, equal to the charge attributed to the (silly) standard electron.
11. Elektons go straight ahead – except that their trajekt is affected by other elektons (due to repulsion).
12. Hence, after a while, elektons tend to move mainly along a wire (albeit in both directions).
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Ke?
--- Quote ---13. And, elektons follow the surface.
14. If the surface of a wire duz a u-turn (eg at the blunt end of a wire) then elektons do a u-turn at the end (koz the surface duz a u-turn)(ie elektons follow the surface).
15. Elektons form a thin negatively charged outer surface layer due to repulsion from atomic elektrons.
16. Atomic elektrons are photons that orbit (hug) an atomic nucleus.
17. The outer orbital elektrons escape from the nucleus, & form an outer layer of elektons (now hugging the general surface rather than hugging individual nuclei).
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Nope!
--- Quote ---18. The elektons are attracted to the positively charged nuclei.
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One in 18 assertions so far
--- Quote ---19. Different metals will have a different degree of saturation of elektons.
20. The better conductors will have a denser saturation of elektons.
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Ke'?
--- Quote ---21. A battery can supply elektons at the positive terminal….
22. And rob elektons at the negative terminal.
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sounds like over unity of electrons
--- Quote ---23. The supply etc of elektons can result in what we call voltage, or potential.
24. The supply etc of elektons can result in what we call charge.
25. A dead-end length of wire touching a positive terminal will be saturated with elektons going both ways along the wire (doing u-turns at the dead-end).
26. Elektons do not reflekt off or at a dead-end (they do a u-turn).
27. When the flow of elektons going each way is equal then their magnetic fields cancel…
28. And hence their nett magnetic field is zero (in the far field)….
29. And there is no heat loss in the wire.
30. A dead-end length of wire touching a negative terminal will be saturated with elektons going both ways along the wire (doing u-turns at the dead-end).
31. The numbers of elektons going up & down a dead-end wire will depend on the degree of saturation.
32a. The degree of saturation will depend on the surface area available etc….
32b. And whether the wire has a coating of insulation.
33. This saturation creates what we call resistance….
34. Or, if u like, this resistance creates saturation (many processes are chicken'&'egg).
35. Once u have learnt the above rules then u will understand that if u somehow discharge/short/earth a length (L) of wire, then u can expect that the primary discharge will take a duration of 2L/c seconds (ie it wont take L/c seconds).
36. And the discharge voltage will be V/2 (ie it wont be the more obvious V/1)
37. And if that there wire is insulated then the duration will take 3L/c seconds (as per (6) & (32b)).
Enuff for today.
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Can't be fucked with the rest!
T3sl4co1l:
Hey Simon,
Can we just hurry up and close this? Maybe the Tesla thread too. https://www.eevblog.com/forum/projects/tesla-hairpin-circuit-curious-phenomenon/?topicseen
Tim
PlainName:
--- Quote from: TimFox on May 12, 2023, 01:55:05 pm ---The DC resistance of a length of such wire is a function of the cross-sectional areas of the two materials, not the surface.
This can be tested yourself with an ohmmeter, or you can consider the manufacturer's data in their website.
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Wouldn't that depend on the current used to test?
TimFox:
No.
For metals and metal alloys, Ohm's Law (the linear approximation to current density being proportional to voltage gradient) is quite accurate and the current in a wire is proportional to the voltage applied to the total length.
At higher frequencies, the skin depth effects the proportionality constant (Ohms-1).
If the current is high enough to heat the wire, then this constant will change with temperature (temperature co-efficient of resistance) and the dimensions of the wire may change (thermal expansion).
Superconductors (not discussed here) do have a critical value of maximum current density.
PlainName:
I was thinking of it being akin to, say, a 1/4W 1R resistor (the skin) in parallel with a 5W 10R resistor (the core). You'd be seeing a fraction less than 1R until you shove, say, 4W through it and then it's 10R.
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