Can't help but notice how quick my phone (nexus 4) charges with Qi. What is the range of the magnetic field and what kind of interference and damage could I expect placing other hardware in it. How careful do I need to be where I place that charge pad ?
the field is not always active, there is handshake with the receiver before it start transmitting.
You don't have to worry about placing any other devices in to the of the pad and damaging.
Even, in the case that the coil is active when you place another device, the magnetic field in there is not really that intense, it is designed to resonate with the receiver coil type only.
You got nothing to worry about.
I have my phone in my pocket when working ~1meter from the tesla coil, and that throws out 300W or so into the air.
Never has it damage the phone or even crashed it.
Then again, it is a Nokia, they don't know how to fail.