Anyway, regarding the headline, I don't think it's been mentioned that it can be contextual:
A choke is used to "choke off" AC current, i.e., reduce the level to an insignificant amount. Whereas, an inductor is probably a more intentional value, e.g. used for tuning a filter.
In this sense, a choke is analogous to a coupling capacitor, where its value is simply large enough not to matter for the intended signals.
Both examples (coupling capacitor / RFC) are highpass filters, so do affect the frequency response, but maybe you aren't too concerned about the low-frequency roll-off.
(RFC = radio frequency choke. Same as any other choke, just... for RF.)
Note that RFCs can have quite low Q as well, e.g. even ferrite beads being suitable sometimes. Whereas an inductor will normally have a modest to high Q.
Analogously, transformers (when used for transformation ratios) often have a similar characteristic (high enough inductance not to mind, Q irrelevant). Whereas transformers for energy storage might be better called
coupled inductors, and will have modest inductance (significant effect) and modest to high Q.
Analogously, further: electrolytic capacitors occupy that sort of "excessively big enough" and lossy region of characteristics, being used in the same ways.
Tim