About two years ago I bit-the-bullet and started tracking everything in PartsBox (
www.partsbox.io). I've been very happy with the resulting system...
I had a bunch of through-hole parts that were already in mutlidrawer cabinets similar to these:
https://www.zoro.com/akro-mils-drwr-bin-cab-15-34-h-20-w-clear-drwr-10164/i/G2213477/ but of varying sizes and ages. I left those parts where they were and just treated each cabinet as a Storage Location in PartsBox.
I also procured several sample sets of passive SMD parts (resistors, caps, leds) - the kind where you get 20-25 parts (cut tape) of each different value. Those went into the small cheap sample-books - each book is then also a Location in PartsBox.
The rest of my parts go into small, labelled anti-static bags (one bag per part type - often they are simply left in the bags as they came from the distributor). These bags are grouped into boxes, labeled with the part# (if not already on the distributor bag) and the box number they are assigned to - current boxes are:
A - Through Hole - Passives, ICs, Connectors, etc
B - SMD - ICs, Switches, etc
C - SMD - Passives
D - Raspberry Pi related
E - Prototyping support
F - USB related
G - Tempest Arcade Repair Parts
Each part-type is entered into PartsBox along with the box it's stored in.
I think it took me 2 or 3 days to set everything up originally, then I only need to do maintenance when I order new parts (update inventory, add new parts, etc), or when I consume parts. and that generally only takes a few minutes up to an hour (if I've done a board build that required pulling a bunch of parts, then updating inventory and replacing the bags in the boxes).
When I do a build I just pull the bags from the boxes, pull the parts from the bags only as they're placed, then return all the bags to the boxes and update inventory when the build is complete.
I've found it to be a very workable system that lets me keep track of what I've got without a ton of overhead. Just for an idea of scale, I currently have 735 distinct parts (total quantity of about 15K pieces) in my inventory.
Good luck finding a system that works for you.