Hi Gall!
Not so strong. A gapped toroid may be used for almost any purpose. Just its AL will be lower. If inductance does not matter, a glue with ferrite powder would be just fine since it gives almost no gap.
Remember, ferrite is made of powder and has tiny gaps everywhere.
It's little bit more complicated :-) Both types are made of powder. Ferrites are sintered, grinded and pressed. Iron powder cores (there are also other powder variants) are grinded, mixed with glue and pressed. The glue causes the distributed air gap. And that distributed air gap causes the ability to store more energy. Ferrites don't have such (large) air gaps. Therefor a (closed) ferrite toroid can't store as much energy as an iron powder one. But if you cut the ferrite toroid you'll get a nice air gap :-)
Of course, you can use what ever type you like. But choosing the optimal type for your circuit helps a lot. It's not just the A
L you'll have to consider.
For DC-DC converters one needs an inductor with a high storage capacity for energy. If you want to support a wide range of input voltages you would drive a gapped ferrite toroid quite fast into saturation. That won't happen as fast with an iron powder one. But the iron powder toroid will require more windings for the same inductance.
Would you use a gapped ferrite toroid for a common mode choke?
Another example. If a HAM radio operator chooses the wrong toroid to build a balun for his 1kW RF transmitter the toroid will become really hot.
Best regards,
madires