You need to look into 2-component epoxy adhesives for that.
The simple answer is, that longer chains/nets are formed at higher temperatures.
I've worked a lot with "UHU plus 300 Endfest", which will only reach its maximum strength of 3000N/cm2 if cured at 180 C (I use FR4 for model racing boats. Excellent for motor mounts, reinforcements etc.).
The "baking" process you describe will not add to strength, but might remove warp.