Funny enough I never touch matlab, somehow I just don't like it.
I just started using Matlab this semester and I keep getting confused by it. Probably because I'm so used to Java and now C++ programming.
I know someone who uses Python as a calculator...
I think you can't compare Java or C++ (and Python, but I don't know much of it) with Matlab, they are intended for completely different uses. For example, Matlab is now written in Java, and it can run code written in C/C++. It is a complete platform, where language is a part of the whole thing.
The most important difference between Matlab and a programming language or a compiler is that, although you can use it to build a standalone application, it is more intended to make application "prototyping" or engineering tools, which don't have to be bullet proof, but have to do the job, be easily customizable and require little time for developing.