Typically the one chip solution is capable of working from 1kg to 300kg, depending on the load cell and mechanical base used around it. The ADC on there is typically a 14 bit unit, using digital smoothing and a lot of samples to get a stable reading. The eeprom will typically have a set of values for display type ( no of digits, decimal location, units and other annuciators), full scale resolution ( the load cell gives about the same raw digital reading from zero strain to max design strain), base count units ( the typical unit will do 5g intervals while the sensor result typically will be 2g5 or so but will drift a little), zero mass value (the unloaded mass of the weight platform and mechanical parts on the knife edges) and finally a scale value set ( one or more breakpoints) used to trim the conversion from digital ADC data to displayed data.
Typically you turn it on and level it, leave it to warm up for a hour or so then put it in cal mode ( can be a switch on the board, a button combo or a plug in dongle), zero it and then place a reference masspiece on and adjust the display to show the calibration mass. Some you do at multiple points to get the multipoint slope used to linearise the unit. I have one that requires a preset mass, so I have to use a combination of mass references to get the closest match, it is out by about 3mg then.