The Fermi paradox is not new, but that paper puts some good numbers on it.
I'd always assumed SETI would be looking for intentional transmitters, the odds are too remote to pick up accidental transmissions. SETI folk seem to be abundantly optimistic, and when asked about Fermi paradox just shrug it off. There is a good story about how Frank Drake and Carl Sagan went to a radio telescope to first look for signals from aliens, Sagan was sure there would be an easy to find signal, after only a few hours he got bored and went home. Drake is much more the patient realistic type, and knows that finding even an intentional signal means sifting through vast volumes of space.
A negative result should not prove anything, but I think the lack of success so far puts some significant upper bounds on the problem, and has some profound implications. We should hope we are past the Great Filter, and not before it. The less alien life we find, the better for our future prospects. I suspect a combination of the following:
a) intelligent life is incredibly rare
b) sustaining an advanced civ is hard
c) interstellar space travel is really hard
d) interstellar comms is limited and really expensive
I'm not really convinced there is any "new technology" that would be practical, like warp drives, wormholes, Dyson spheres, nor even antimatter drives.
I assume the first intelligent civ would do exactly what we would do:
1) look for signs of alien life
2) not finding it, send out probes
3) still not finding it, send out colonisers
4) just in case of extinction, set up AI beacons/libraries which could inform future civs