As far as multi-flash goes, I wonder how many flash tubes you can trigger from one transformer (and how many actually fire as a result). Probably quite a few. You'd want to use one capacitor per tube to do this, but otherwise, the charger could be one or many, with the caps connected by resistors (use at least a few kohm metal oxide 1-2W+ for this).
You could make a sequential flash, ala bullet time, where each one goes off in succession. Use a clock generator, counter, and as many 1-of-N decoders as you need, and wire them to the trigger circuits. If all the flash tubes are just kind of in a pile, you'll have a regular strobe light, with a total repeat rate much higher than an individual circuit can handle. This could have further options as a weird hacked strobe light, say you applied a music beat detector from an Arduino (or rPi depending on how sophisticated you want it..). Or just good old analog, like a light organ, but only on bass beats (and something about them, like peaks, or zero crossings, or in a narrow band, or...).
You can run them from higher voltage (3+?) and see what happens. There's probably a voltage regulator in there (possibly related to the neon light), which you'll want to modify to see the effect.
A number of those look pretty big (I see a large yellow one, a trigger coil I think, and a blue and ferrite blocky one, an inverter I expect), which could probably be driven to much higher current (and possibly voltage) than they're being used at.
More esoteric uses might include digital logic or frequency divider type applications, taking advantage of the negative resistance of the neon lamps; the flash tubes could be used for "power amplification", shall we say, so that the result can be read off the residual charges of a series of capacitors, or blinked out as a binary series of flashes, or something.
You *might* be able to do a sort of low power, single-pulse Tesla coil, using the flash lamp to deliver power, but I don't think the capacitor will have low enough ESR to be able to run a power RF oscillator this way. (Offhand, I don't know how suitable the xenon arc is for negative resistance purposes.)
Tim