| General > General Technical Chat |
| What happens if all the electrons from a lump of material are removed? |
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| Ole:
--- Quote from: jpanhalt on August 20, 2023, 09:51:53 am ---Just what sort of energies would be needed to completely ionize any bulk material? --- End quote --- For Hydrogen we are talking 13.7eV (iirc) per Atom so about 1.3MJ/g or roughly 300 Times the energy density fo TNT. And that is ignoring energy required to compress the protons to a sphere with a noninfinite radius. |
| EPAIII:
Spelling is my curse. Thanks for the correction. Edit: I just spent a half hour going down a mathematical rabbit hole that made me realize I should have said a "Graham's number" instead of a "googolplex". Read about that, if you dare. And if your head has still not exploded, there are "busy beaver" numbers. We're gonna need a bigger universe. --- Quote from: Alex Eisenhut on August 23, 2023, 11:35:05 am --- --- Quote from: EPAIII on August 23, 2023, 08:19:55 am ---Some people have a googleplex too much time on their hands. --- End quote --- And if you google it you'll find it's googolplex, Googlepex is Google's headquarters... --- End quote --- |
| TimFox:
--- Quote from: Ole on August 24, 2023, 09:34:50 am --- --- Quote from: jpanhalt on August 20, 2023, 09:51:53 am ---Just what sort of energies would be needed to completely ionize any bulk material? --- End quote --- For Hydrogen we are talking 13.7eV (iirc) per Atom so about 1.3MJ/g or roughly 300 Times the energy density fo TNT. And that is ignoring energy required to compress the protons to a sphere with a noninfinite radius. --- End quote --- The mnemonic I was taught: the ionization energy of the hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV, same as the density of liquid mercury in g/cm3. |
| ejeffrey:
--- Quote from: Ole on August 24, 2023, 09:34:50 am --- --- Quote from: jpanhalt on August 20, 2023, 09:51:53 am ---Just what sort of energies would be needed to completely ionize any bulk material? --- End quote --- For Hydrogen we are talking 13.7eV (iirc) per Atom so about 1.3MJ/g or roughly 300 Times the energy density fo TNT. And that is ignoring energy required to compress the protons to a sphere with a noninfinite radius. --- End quote --- Which is orders of magnitude higher than the ionization energy. Also, the total ionization energy is quadratic in Z, so even light atoms like carbon and oxygen have ionization energy dozens of times higher than hydrogen. |
| TimFox:
The first ionization energy of carbon is 11.26 eV, but when you get down to the last drop K-shell electron, the required energy is, indeed, huge. |
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