According to
this, the pinout is GND, 12V (VCC), tachometer output (O/P), and Motor Voltage (VM).
VCC is used for the tachometer logic, not to power the motor. The motor is actually controlled by a 2V - 12V voltage on the VM pin – this is MUCH wider range than the typical ~ 7V to 12V on 3-pin PC fans. Apparently, for "normal" speeds, VM is about 5V, which, again, is very low for typical voltage-controlled 12V fans. The motor current is drawn on the VM pin (the ones on Mac Pro 5.1, up to 750mA).
So, I suggest you try connecting VM to +5V, and GND to ground (these are the two outermost pins), and you should get them spinning at a "typical" speed.
(I would not be surprised to find out they're not rated to run at +12V continuously.)