Using Wine 9.1 here (the distro is Arch, so I'm pretty much on the latest version for everything, which may make a difference. Don't know). Set as Windows 10. Something you could check is your DPI settings in winecfg. I have it on 96ppp (even though I'd like to set it a little higher, because the fonts in Windows apps look pretty tiny), because using any other value would wreak havoc with some apps, making them exit spontanously as well. Haven't tested with LTSpice specifically, but maybe you're having the same issue? Have a look.
Another thing I noticed, from your quote above, you seem to have installed LTSpice on Wine for a single user, instead of having choosen "all users". I have installed it for "all users", as I have noted issues in the past with Wine with some apps otherwise. So another thing you can try.
In my case, it's installed in: ~/.wine/drive_c/Program\ Files/ADI/LTspice/