If it is a bootable ISO, then yes you can boot from it when in a booting scenario (as in booting up a PC). If you open it while running under an OS already, then it will list the folders. The boot record is in there, but you aren't yet in a boot scenario.
So, if it is an OS iso, the "burning" programs (rufus, others) will take the ISO and write it out to CD/DVD/USB such that you can boot from it, when you go to install that OS. Use a program like rufus to write it to a medium like CD/DVD or USB.
If it was an installable ISO, as in a software program, then it probably doesn't have a boot record, but it does have an "autoplay" setup, so it launches when you stick it in a dvd drive.
ISO these days means a "container" file that holds the contents of a CD/DVD, even though there is no physical CD/DVD ... more systems coming out these days without an actual CD/DVD player, and most systems will allow you to boot from USB (bios settings).
Hope this helps ...