Most likely a random glitch caused a USB transfer to fail and the native Windows GUI copy has a lack of error handling. There might be something related to the failure in a system log file but your chances of determining which file it failed on are close to zero.
Use a 'real' copy utility, you'll get a log of what it did, and your problems will go way!
Personally I find
Microsoft SyncToy 2.1 sufficient for syncing large folders with USB media or over my LAN. It was originally an XP Powertoy, which is why it actually has decent functionality, and got up to version 2.1 with x86 and x64 builds with Win10 support, until MS sh!tcanned it back in 2021. Download it from
https://www.majorgeeks.com/files/details/microsoft_synctoy_for_windows_xp.html (ignore the XP in the URL - minimum is Win7).
Caution: Its 'Synchronise' mode copies files both ways and mirrors deletes in *BOTH* folders so can
cause data loss. Do a [Preview] and examine the log *CAREFULLY* before running it for real the first time on any folder pair. 'Echo' only copies to and deletes from the destination folder so is safer for simply updating adhoc backups, and 'Contribute' only copies (with overwrite) to the destination, and doesn't do any explicit deletes.