The financial crisis of 2007 ongoing was in part due to this idea that if we let banks regulate themselves the system will sort itself out. I think that we can see this does not work because the executives and other staff of such companies optimise their own short-term profit over long-term stability and growth of a business or the wider economy.
People mismanaged their businesses and the businesses collapsed, this is how it should be. Bailing them with other people money is immoral.
Agreed; and some have argued that the banks were aware they would be bailed out, influencing their choices. However, it is also immoral to allow such large corporations to effectively gamble with the economy in the way they did.
They caused millions of people to lose their jobs, likely triggered many suicides or bouts of depression, destroyed many industries and small businesses, and did trillions of dollars of damage to the economy.
So it's also not moral to allow such businesses to operate without sufficient oversight. The free market doesn't work (here), except to maximise the profit of a few individuals at the expense of everyone else.
More on topic, you need to address the unrealised externalities caused by fossil fuel usage, such as health harm, pollution, environmental damage, etc. There are two ways you can do this: You can heavily tax fossil fuel usage, and use that to fund clean up and health programs. Or, you can subsidise renewable/"green" technology, putting it on a more level playing field.
Politically speaking, it's a lot more palatable to fund renewables than it is to tax fossil fuels, especially as tax on such significantly increases the apparent cost to the average individual (the cost is still there but it's not written on a bill any more.)
It doesn't matter even if you don't agree with AGW. It's happening. But even if you deny it, you can see that coal power kills 7,500 people every year. That's just the USA. If you take a rough approximation and say the density of coal power plants is similar across the world, that's ~165,000 people per year. That's something like 50 September 11 attacks every year. Can we please do something about this?!