Designing bulletproof voltage standards

[MiDi]

There is a lot of information around the design of precision voltage references (e.g. LTZ/ADR1000, LTFLU, 1N829), but it seems there is not much information to make it bulletproof.

Scope:
- battery powered, but connector for charging/offline operation included (external charger/PSU is out of scope)
- typical 1..10V output (low/high voltage outputs are out of scope)
- enclosure with connectors (cabling and external components/instruments are out of scope)
- operation inside specified operating conditions for temperature, pressure, humidity (influence of those environmental conditions are out of scope)

Naive bulletproof design goals:
- Iout ±1mA DC & ACrms up to 1MHz
- unlimited short circuit to ±1.5kV DC & ACrms up to 1MHz with recovery to specs <1min
- ESD protection to highest classes of HBM/MM/CDM with recovery to specs <1min
- EMI immunity in rough environments
- immunity to capacitive loads with recovery to specs <1min after connection
- no significant degradation of performance/spec regardless of the applied disturbance
- DIY-able for hobbyist

What is your approach, design, knowledge, best-practice, ideas, specifications, goals, documents, links, ...?

[MiDi]

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[Andreas]

Hello,

first: I would only spec features that I can prove per measurement.
(I guess that your EMI goals are out of your hobby budget)

Some EMI improvements are shown here:
https://www.eevblog.com/forum/metrology/emi-measurements-of-a-volt-nut/

My worst case scenario is a unintentionally direct connection to a 1000V calibrator
(which is current limited to some 10 mA and switches off within some ms)
So a 11V TVS diode should handle the mistake.

My references (LTZ1000 and AD587LW) are designed/proven to handle capacitors at the output up to 10 uF.

with best regards

Andreas