They can't get past the fact that their own norms are just one of many solutions to the same problems...
That is exactly the problem of the West, they just HAVE to change us, instead of having peace, accept and compete fairly with other systems, and as a backup plan, build enough nukes to maintain a deterrence force, and coexist happily with the others.
I don't think the real problem is actually about China at all...
As you know, the main organizing principle in the West is corporations. As long as you allow them to turn a decent profit on activities in China, there won't be any problems, they will pay their lobbyists to make sure of it! Things had been going well with this for several decades... what actually changed, all of a sudden?
It seems to me that what changed, is that a lot of people in the West (particularly English speaking countries) started to notice that their standards of living were not where they expected them to be. We can argue whether their expectations were/are realistic or not, it's a different discussion... but when you get a lot of people feeling their lives are not going well, that they are not getting what they think is rightfully theirs.... that's when countries can get "angry" and become irrational to various extents.
This feeling became worse and more widespread after the financial crisis, after a lot of cutbacks had to be made. - People started blaming foreigners for their problems, and here we are.
Bottom line - relations with China probably cannot improve until a majority of people feel their own country is doing well. It doesn't help that people keep reading about record growth in China, and how China is able to build skyscrapers and entire subdivisions overnight, and so on - it just makes them feel even worse... generally, people handle other people's success even worse than they handle their own failures!
The chip shortage is a symptom of the underlying tensions and loss of trust that has occurred. If both sides really wanted to, we could probably figure out how to get some chips manufactured in a hurry...