A short circuit is 0 Ohms, you cannot create a short circuit by connecting a resistor across.
I told you everything you need to know to calculate the amount of power any resistor will draw, use Ohms law, look it up if you're not familiar with it, you will use it constantly doing any sort of electronics work. Once you calculate the current, compare that to the current the power supply is rated to deliver, and calculate the power and compare that to the wattage rating of the resistor.