Unmodified transformers (or variacs) aren't so great because they will saturate with much DC through them. Gapped cores are the way to go, as has already been mentioned.
Depending on how much current capacity you need, it might be interesting to look at microwave oven transformers, too. It takes some work cutting the welds so you can vary the gap, but if this is an option, you should have piles of inductance at your fingertips.
Tim