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[smd32]

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[ledtester]

For a heating application here's an idea to control the power of the heater -- e.g. for 50% power just turn the heater on for 5 seconds and then off for 5 seconds; for 20% power turn it on for 2 seconds and off for 8, etc.

[TheMG]

Any specific reason you want to control the heater this way? The usual way to do this sort of thing is PWM with a standard on/off SSR. With a PID control you can actually achieve very precise temperature control using this method, provided the pulse frequency is high enough relative to the overall thermal mass of the system.

[ledtester]

You might be interested in this Wikipedia article on "bang-bang control":

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bang%E2%80%93bang_control

[ledtester]

You might find these videos on the design of a temperature controlled lab water bath helpful:

Laboratory Water Bath (12): Software, Chapter 3 (Heater Model-Based Control)

https://youtu.be/HK1JmZx7Swg