The first thing is to check that the BIOS can see the RAM. It should be displayed, very briefly, when the pc is booting. Better is to go into the BIOS setup which usually is done by holding down a key during boot up, normally F2 or Del.
This will tell you if the RAM is physically there for the computer.
A useful program for reporting on hardware is hwinfo, this is free.
I don't think it is a Windows problem, I have Windows 7 64bit and 24GB of RAM.
If the RAM is not visible to the BIOS try taking out one at a time to see if it is the RAM or if it is the RAM slots/motherboard that is causing the trouble.
Be careful to earth yourself prior to handling RAM as they are static sensitive - best to use an ESD strap but you'll probably be ok just ensuring you earth yourself on say an earthed metal case prior to opening the computer and handling the RAM. (Don't earth yourself if there is any danger of you touching a live wire or a large charged capacitor in the power supply of course.)