When Windows mounts another system's NTFS file system, it does 'respect' the existing permissions, just like Linux, etc. However, if you're logged in as an administrator on the OS, then you can simply seize ownership of the affected files/folders at which point you can change the permissions as necessary so you can access them. The equivalent process in Linux might be 'sudo chown' and 'sudo chmod' for example.
Linux also allows one to mount the filesystem with an arbitrary mapping between NTFS users and groups and their Linux counterparts, with
uid= and
gid= as shorthand for mapping them all to one user and one group. By default, the
silent option is used on NTFS mounts, which causes the 'sudo chown' and 'sudo chmod' to silently do nothing on such mounts, unless an arbitrary mapping has been set. Also, the actual default is to map all users and groups to the current user. (If you do do 'sudo mount', the current user will be root, so then specifying that explicitly via '-o uid=$(id -un),gid=$(id -gn)' is needed.)
This means that if you just open an NTFS drive in Linux, 'sudo chown' and 'sudo chmod' are supposed to have no effect by default.
When you plug in a drive, and it gets mounted automatically, a default set of mount options is used.
Unfortunately, I do not know of any graphical tool that allows one to set the mount options. There likely is one; I just don't know one.
I can only tell how to do it on the command line:
sudo mount -o uid=$(id -un),gid=$(id -gn),umask=0,fmask=0,dmask=0,silent,ro volume directorywhere
volume is the device or partition containing the filesystem (under
/dev/), and
directory is where to mount to.
This mounts the NTFS volume in read-only mode, so that no changes are made to it at all.