Electronics > Repair
Diagnosing NAD receiver -- unexplained shut-downs
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JordanW:
Everyone -- I am trying to troubleshoot my NAD C740 stereo receiver, which either won't power on or won't consistently stay powered on.

I will start by saying that I am a hobbyist, and while I am decently handy with basic DC stuff, I am more hesitant when it comes to mains-powered equipment (that is, reluctant to poke around with a multimeter when it is powered on)

The central issue is that after a long period of non-use, the radio powers on and all functions seem to behave normally, but after a couple of minutes, it powers itself off.

If I attempt to power the radio on again at this point, nothing happens. But if I allow it to "rest" for at least a few hours, I can power it on again. The amount of time it stays on  after this "rest" seems to depend on how much "rest" it has had (more "rest" = stays on longer)

At first I thought this was a power supply issue, specifically of a relay in the initial power supply stage. The service manual (with schematics) is at https://www.manualslib.com/manual/1254519/Nad-C740.html and in the lower right corner, the initial power supply stage is shown (also highlighted in the attached image). I replaced the relay notated as RL901 in an initial attempt to fix the radio. This doesn't seem to have changed anything.

It seems from the schematic that this relay is in fact energized (through the transistor DTC123JS -- not sure what type that is) by a signal coming from the socket labelled JL951A. I can confirm that socket connects to the "NAD Link" sub-board (presumably used for components to control each other). But that in turn is connected elsewhere in the radio, which I haven't explored.

Presumably that "elsewhere" in the radio turns the DTC123JS transistor on and keeps it on.

I'm really mystified as to what is going on -- the behaviour itself and why it is time-dependent (the "rest" periods). My guess would be that some component is failing as it "warms up" and turns that transistor off.

I should also mention that none of the caps that I can see look obviously damaged or bulging, and the main power fuse is fine.

Has anyone seen behaviour like this in consumer electronics before? What are some other likely culprits?

Any advice would be appreciated, Happy New Year to all.
MathWizard:
So if I'm seeing that right, it's not a switch mode PSU, otherwise I was going to say see what the standby power was doing.

So after it won't turn on any more, is there no voltage on the big multi-tap transformer ? Assuming that BJT is not just some soft start with some RC circuit to control it or something...yeah find what other chips or circuits, still have voltage, and where the control signal should come from. Still some standby circuits tho.

Perhaps a control circuit could be sensing a problem and shutting down on purpose too.


What are the voltage rails like before it shuts down ?
JordanW:

--- Quote ---So if I'm seeing that right, it's not a switch mode PSU, otherwise I was going to say see what the standby power was doing.
--- End quote ---

Thanks for your input on this.

On the advice from another forum, I replaced the electrolytic cap labelled C951 in the circuit diagram (it is part of the "standby" power system -- across the discrete-diode bridge rectifier setup right next to the small transformer). After doing so, behaviour seems a bit better -- I can power the receiver on and it'll happily run for hours, but if I then power it off, I can't power it back on again until it has "rested" for a while (hours).


--- Quote ---So after it won't turn on any more, is there no voltage on the big multi-tap transformer ?
--- End quote ---

I haven't actually measured, but current to the multi-tap transformer is controlled by that relay RL901, which (when it won't turn on) doesn't actually engage, so I would guess "no".


--- Quote ---Perhaps a control circuit could be sensing a problem and shutting down on purpose too.
--- End quote ---

That thought did cross my mind, but is now inconsistent with the behaviour where I can have the thing running fine for hours, but when I power off, I can't immediately power back on.

The relay seems ultimately controlled by that transistor (strange symbol) but the base of that transistor in turn is controlled by all kinds of stuff that is hard to trace in the schematic, but seems to go to the main microcontroller (?) of the receiver.
wasedadoc:
That "strange" transistor symbol means that there are two resistors in the package.  One between the external "base" pin and the base of the "real" transistor inside.  The other resistor is between base and emitter of the real transistor.  These were quite common at one time in Japanese gear.  Just saves the two external resistors that would otherwise be used when feeding a transistor from a logic output.

When it won't turn back on, short the transistor collector to emitter.  If it comes on then the relay and that aux power supply are OK.
Swake:
I presume there is a jumper over pin 1 and 3 of JL951A ?

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