I have now received the components I ordered, and proceed to the remounting of the scope.
I replaced all the electrolytic caps, except the 4700uF which I had not received yet.
They were OK, anyway.
I put the MD2310FX. I had to drill an additional hole in the heatsink for that as it is slightly larger than the previous one.
I put a BY500-600 diode in series with the V150LA20BP.
Put the power on,
and everything is working again.
Thanks to all for the help, and in particular to lihach for providing the right value of the varistor, and to capt bullshot for telling me
about the potential problem of the MJW16010A transistor.